How do mycotoxins affect fish?

Aquaculture is an important business, but research on the occurrence and prevention of mycotoxins in fish feed is limited and species sensitivities remain unknown. However, the knowledge on this topic is increasing rapidly. Since more than 400 different substances are known to be produced by different fungi it is not surprising that fish are commonly exposed to a huge variety of these naturally occurring substances. So far five major mycotoxin classes have been established: aflatoxins, ochratox