Feeding cows to nourish the dam and the calf

Nourishing the pregnant cow benefits the offspring’s health and production later in life. Therefore, the energy ?balance and nutrition of the pregnant cow must be given proper attention. Nutrient supply and hormonal signals at specific windows during development (both pre- and early postnatal) may exert permanent changes in the metabolism, as well as changes in performance, body composition, and metabolic function of the offspring of livestock. This is due to processes generically referre